For lung nodules, CNN have been shown to distinguish between benign and malignant classifications at a higher performance than traditional CADx systems due to their ability to function at higher degrees of noise tolerance (Hosny et al. 2018; Nasrullah et al. 2019). Furthermore, in a study done on patients with non-small cell lung cancer, AI CADx algorithms were able to use CT images to significantly predict which cancers contained EGFR mutations, informing on potential treatment with Gefitinib (Bi et al. 2019). Deep learning algorithms have also been trained to accurately classify prostate cancer on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which can promote early treatment as well as decrease the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies and prostatectomy procedures performed (Bi et al. 2019). An additional study reported an AI system that was able to use MRI imaging to accurately generate brain tumour classification differentials at a level that exceeded human performance. The algorithm generated the correct diagnosis in one of its top three differentials 91% of the time, outperforming academic neuroradiologists (86%), fellows (77%), general radiologists (57%), and radiology residents (56%) (Rauschecker et al. 2020).